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Mohs scale of mineral hardness
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is a qualitative ordinal scale that characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material. It was created in 1812 by the German geologist and mineralogist Friedrich Mohs and is one of several definitions of hardness in materials science, some of which are more quantitative.〔("Mohs hardness" ) in ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online''〕 The method of comparing hardness by seeing which minerals can visibly scratch others, however, is of great antiquity, having been mentioned by Theophrastus in his treatise ''On Stones'', c. 300 BC, followed by Pliny the Elder in his ''Naturalis Historia'', c. 77 AD.〔(Theophrastus on Stones ). Farlang.com. Retrieved on 2011-12-10.〕〔Pliny the Elder. ''Naturalis Historia''. Book 37. Chap. 15. (ADamas: six varieties of it. Two remedies. )〕〔Pliny the Elder. ''Naturalis Historia''. Book 37. Chap. 76. (The methods of testing precious stones. )〕 While greatly facilitating the identification of minerals in the field, the Mohs scale is not suitable for accurately gauging the hardness of industrial materials.〔(Hardness ). Non-Destructive Testing Resource Center〕
==Usage==
Despite its simplicity and lack of precision, the Mohs scale is highly relevant for field geologists, who use the scale to roughly identify minerals using scratch kits. The Mohs scale hardness of minerals can be commonly found in reference sheets. Reference materials may be expected to have a uniform Mohs hardness.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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